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APA Basics
APA style is an editorial style commonly used by writers and students in the Business, Nursing, and Behavioral and Social Sciences (including Education, Psychology, Sociology, Economics, and Criminology) disciplines.
Links on this page refer to guidelines from the most recent APA Style Guide, 7th edition. Please confirm with your instructor which edition to use.
Resources for APA
Complete style guide with formatting guidelines and works cited entry formats:
- Excelsior Online Writing Lab - APA StyleDefault is 7th edition. Select 6th edition tab if you are using 6th edition formatting.
- APA Style and Grammar GuidelinesOfficial website from the American Psychological Association
For how to cite specific types of sources:
- Textbook - APA References ListCheck if your textbook has a single (or a couple of) authors, or if there is an editor and each chapter has its own author. If there is an editor, use the "Edited" option for the entire textbook. Use the "Chapter or Article in an Edited Book" format if you are only using specific chapters.
Print a one-page APA Citation Guide
- APA Quick Reference GuideDownload a one page, double-sided guide to APA style
MLA Basics
MLA style is commonly used in Composition classes, Literature, and other Humanities courses.
In 2016, MLA published the 8th edition handbook, which is significantly different from the 7th edition that had previously been used. The 9th Edition was published in 2021 but citation formatting has not changed. When using a citation guide or automatic citation generator like EasyBib, make sure you have selected MLA 9th edition or 8th edition.
Resources for MLA 8th/9th Edition
Complete style guide with formatting guidelines and works cited entry formats:
- Excelsior Online Writing Lab: MLA FormattingFormatting guidance based on the 8th edition is still acceptable; 9th edition did not change MLA formatting.
- The MLA Style Center: Writing Resources from the Modern Language AssociationIncludes an interactive template to practice finding MLA citation elements and creating a Works Cited entry.
For how to cite specific types of sources:
- YouTube Videos - MLA Works Cited EntryIncludes format for images, television programs, films and DVDs, albums and songs.
- "They Say I Say" or other Anthology - MLA Works Cited EntryEssays by different authors that are collected into a textbook are called "anthologies." Select the format for Anthology or Collection to see how to cite an individual essay or chapter.
Print a one-page MLA Citation Guide
- MLA Handout - 9th EditionClick the above to download a one page, double-sided quick reference guide for 9th edition MLA style.
- Last Updated: Feb 5, 2024 9:36 AM
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